986 / 987.1 M96/M97 engines carry IMS bearing exposure (resolvable with documented replacement); 987.2 9A1 engines are fundamentally re-engineered. Cylinder bore scoring, documented across the water-cooled 911 family, is reported on the 987.1 — the 3.4-litre S sharing its engine with the Cayman S — though at lower rates than the 996 and 997.1; borescope inspection at purchase is the only reliable exclusion. Scoring is rare on the smaller 986 engines, where the IMS bearing remains the headline risk, and the 987.2's revised engine (2009-on) is largely free of both issues. A proper pre-purchase inspection includes cold-start behaviour, ECU diagnostics and fault-code history (where applicable), leak-down or compression testing, underbody photography, suspension and chassis inspection, brake condition and a long enough road test to expose heat-related faults. Deferred maintenance on a car of this class is almost always more expensive than buying a better-sorted example.